NOTE.

The writer of the following little history has presumed to borrow the peculiar style of versification from Longfellow’s celebrated Song of Hiawatha.

She has carefully examined the records within reach for the facts of her story. Should important omissions occur, it will be due to the meagerness of existing evidence.

May events so dear to hearts now at rest forever, be perpetuated in the memory of the present generation.

EUGENIA D. POTTS.

Lancaster, May, 1874.

CANTO I. PRIMEVAL DAYS.

Hear a song of ancient story,

Of a city on a hillside,

Of the valleys all about it,

Of the forest and the wildwood,

Of the deer that stalked within it,

And the birds that flew above it,

And the wolves and bears around it,

Sole possessors and retainers

Of the silent territory.

Hear the song of its high mountains

Of its gushing rills and streamlets,

Of its leaping, rolling rivers,

Of the meadows still and lonely,

Of the groves all solitary,

Of the land of cunning fables.

Should you ask me of this city,

With its legends and its stories,

With its tales of peace and plenty,

With its tales of Indian warfare,

With its nights and days of watching,

With the camp-fires all a-gleaming,

And the white man’s deadly peril,

I should answer, I should tell you,

’Tis the city of Lancaster,

In the county we call Garrard,

In the State of old Kentucky,

In America, the nation

On the continent Northwestern,

Found by Christopher Columbus.

Once a tangled, gloomy woodland,

With the music of its rivers,

As they wound along the grasses,

With the singing of its birdlings,

As they flew among the maples,

With the hissing of its reptiles,

Crawling o’er the sylvan meadows,

With the growling of its wild beasts,

Lurking in the dells and caverns.

Angels gazed with pleasure on it,

On this Eden habitation,

On this work so calm and lovely;

On the moonlit, velvet carpet,

Where the fairies held their revels,

On the broad expanse of verdure,

With the sunbeams slanting o’er it,

On the rugged mountain eyrie,

Where the eagle reared her nestlings,

On the tiny brooks that trickled

Down the glens so cool and shaded.

Green and fresh the ferns and mosses,

Clinging close to rock and crevice,

Pure and bright the silver waters,

Dancing o’er the shelving limestone.

Angels saw and angels praised it,

For the gracious Spirit made it,

“Very good” the Spirit called it.

Happy valley! Peaceful shadows!

Glorious sunlight of an epoch,

Which the latter days can know not!

For the stride of man’s progression

Desecrates these pristine beauties,

Bends these gorgeous land-scape beauties,

To his purposes of profit.

And the cycle brought its changes,

As the moons were waxing, waning.

The still tract of virgin woodland,

Was invaded by the demon

That the sweet primeval ages

Soon were destined to encounter,

The remorseless Indian demon,

The bold red man of the forest.

Then the wigwam and the peace-pipe

Sent aloft the smoke of welcome,

Welcome to the roving brothers,

To the tribes that wandered restless,

To the sachem and the chieftain,

To the warrior and the maiden.

I have said the tribes invaded

The sweet haunts of Nature’s children,

Of her birds and beasts and reptiles,

Of her rivers, rills, and streamlets;

Of her trees and flowers and grasses,

Yet the song of peace continued.

Peaceful still, yet no more silent;

For where man, with human passion,

Dwells in all this wide creation,

Strife is ever slumb’ring, waiting,

Waiting for the magic touchstone,

For the trouble he is born to,

“Trouble, as the sparks fly upward.”

So there rose a reign of terror,

Of dismay and cruel bloodshed,

When the white man came among them,

The all-potent, dreaded pale-face,

He, another bold invader,

An usurper of the woodland.

When he came with might and fury,

And the hatchet was uplifted,

When the war-cry sounded louder,

And the wigwam smoked in ashes,

And the peace-pipe fell forever,

From the lips all stiff and gory;

And the sachem and the chieftain,

And the warrior and the maiden,

Fled for safety from the woodland,

Roaming restless, ever moving,

To the land of deer and bison,

To the rolling, grassy prairies,

To the distant unknown regions,

To the placid, broad Pacific,

To the setting of the sunlight.

CANTO II. 1769-1796. PIONEERS.

In the days my Muse is singing,

In the days of early settlers

On the “dark and bloody ground,” there

Came a pioneer so famous

For his greatness and his goodness,

For his sterling sense of honor,

For his frame of strength and vigor,

For his nature, bold and hardy,

And his spirit, firm and steady,

That the annals of the nation,

The proud archives of the country,

Shout his name in stirring pæans,

Blazon forth his fame and glory,

From the rising to the setting

Of the sun he loved to follow.

Many days and nights he wandered

O’er the turf of good old Garrard,

Now in sight, perchance in hearing,

Of the birds and beasts and reptiles,

Roaming wild and roaming lonely,

In the groves of fair Lancaster.

Now in sight, perchance in hearing

Of the melancholy plover,

Of the bluebird’s thrilling whistle,

Of the redbird’s gentle chirping,

Of the blackbird’s noisy chatter,

Of the whippoorwill’s soft pleading,

And the ringdove’s tender cooing.

All these sounds, I trow, were welcome,

To the pioneer hunter,

Daniel Boone, the practiced hunter.

On the plains and hills I’m singing,

He has pitched his tent at nightfall,

And has laid him down to slumber,

With his deerskin wrapped about him,

With his household gathered ’round him.

And the creatures of the woodland,

The dumb creatures of the forest,

At the noisy crack and flashing

Of his trusty, timeworn rifle,

Fell, the prey of man’s dominion,

Formed his frugal fare and feasting.

All about the plains and hilltops,

Are his faded, sacred landmarks.

Let them linger, ever linger,

Faithful witnesses of honor;

For the hunter sleeps forever,

Daniel Boone, the sturdy hunter,

Daniel Boone, the early settler,

Sleeps beneath the waving bluegrass,

Sleeps among the hills of Benson,

On the river side at Frankfort.

Other pioneers came hither,

Other white men sought the woodland,

When the red man fled to westward,

From the scenes so fierce and gory,

Where the tomahawk uplifted

Wrought such strife and havoc deadly.

And once more the axe is lifted,

And the monarchs of the forest,

Of the forest bought with bloodshed,

Fell with echoes loud and startling,

’Mid the lonely hills and valleys.

And the white man built a city,

In the woodland once so peaceful,

In the woodland once so warlike,

Built a fair and goodly city,

’Twas the city of Lancaster,

Yes, a stranger travelled westward,

From the land of trade and commerce,

Of William Penn and “loving brothers,”

And the stranger’s name was Paulding.

With his compass, chain, and log-book,

He marked out this modest city,

On the pattern of his birthplace,

And they christened it Lancaster.

And the county was called Garrard,

For the governor and statesman,

For James Garrard of Kentucky.

Seventeen hundred six and ninety

Saw the corner-stone implanted.

And the cycle brought its changes,

As the moons were waxing, waning.

Pavéd streets and handsome houses,

Busy shops and tradesmen’s houses,

Office, inn, and people’s houses,

Cottage white and mansion costly,

Structures high and structures lowly,

Marked the once secluded valley,

Graced the once sequestered hillside.

By and by the streets were fashioned

From the model of McAdam,

And adorned the youthful city.

Richmond, Mulberry, and Paulding,

Danville, Lexington, and Water,

Stanford, Campbell, and Crab Orchard,

Were the windings of the city.

And the noisy hum of traffic,

And the roll of cart and carriage,

Told of barter and of bargain,

Told of human gains and losses,

Scared away the beasts and birdlings,

Locked and dammed and bridged the rivers,

Chained the rolling streams and rivers.

Schools were opened, where the people

Learned to read and write and cipher.

Coaches linked the growing city

With the busy world around it.

Youths and maidens joined in wedlock,

Parents knelt at family altars,

Children gamboled in the playgrounds,

Cats and dogs and cows and horses,

Swine and animals of burden,

Followed man, the master spirit,

And supplied domestic comfort.

Lawyers, doctors, merchants, traders,

Preachers, artisans, and idlers,

From afar and near flocked hither;

And the “continental coppers”

Were in speedy circulation.

Spinning, weaving, sewing, knitting,

Filled the women’s dextrous fingers,

And the homespun and the linsey

Were the choice and boasted fabrics,

Furnished strong and useful garments,

In the day of early settlers.

Social gatherings were frequent,

’Round log fires and tallow candles,

And the quaint old invitations

To some public house or “tavern,”

Call a smile to faces modern;

“Come and join a square cotillon

At the hour of four precisely,”—

Was the custom of the city,

Of the sensible young city.

Sights and sounds all strange and novel,

Filled the wood with unknown echoes;

Man, the civilized, wrought changes,

And the olden landmarks vanished.

CANTO III. 1796-1812. ANCIENT BUILDINGS.

More than threescore years are buried

With the ages long departed,

In the annals of Lancaster,

Of the city I am singing,

Since the place of law and justice,

Since the venerable forum,

The first court-house was erected.

Seventeen hundred eight and ninety,

Reads the record of the city.

Logs adorned its sides and summit,

Logs without and logs within it,

Building fashioned all so lowly,

That ’twas deemed unfit to linger

On its public, broad arena,

In the center of the township.

Down it fell one day thereafter,

(In eighteen hundred and eleven,

Of the ever moving cycle,)

And a nobler and a better,

Made of brick and stone and mortar,

Reared its ghostly head among us,

Reared its high and white cupola,

With its bell and towering belfry,

Clanging far and clanging nearer,

Tolling loud and tolling softly,

Ringing forth the day’s proceedings.

Strangers, coming to the region

Of the city quaintly outlined,

Of its square, right-angle outlines,

Saw from hill-tops in the distance,

Saw from valleys and from lowlands,

This great pile of architecture,

In the central broad arena,

In the middle of the township.

Fence of stone with iron railing,

By and by extended round it,

Blooming locusts brown and lofty

Cast their cooling shadows o’er it.

On its rostrum men of power

Oft declaimed to judge and jury;

At its bar were earnest pleadings

For the erring and the guilty.

In its halls were panoramas,

Lectures, shows, and exhibitions,

All the public entertainments,

All the tragic and the comic,

All the festivals and music,

All the city’s merry-making.

’Round and ’round the gorgeous structure,

(Gorgeous in that generation,)

Stood in rows the public houses,

Primitive and unpretending;

But their tenants knew no others,

They were simple, frugal tenants,

They were happy in their folly.

The year eighteen hundred, fifteen,

(Just beyond my canto’s limits,)

Saw the good work of improvement,

Still progressing, moving forward,

Still advancing, ever onward.

In the suburbs of the city,

Rose a noted house of worship,

Large and generous in model,

Called Republican and holy,

Called Old Church in eras later,

Where all Christian sects might gather,

Save the Catholics, named Roman,

And the curious Shaking Quakers.

These might not be met as fellows,

By the followers of Jesus;

These were aliens from the sheepfold.

All around the sacred building,

Slept the dead, both high and lowly,

(For death came into the city,)

All around the sacred building,

Tombs and slabs of stone and granite,

Marked the resting of the sainted,

Marked the resting of the wicked,

Of the infant and the aged,

Of the slave and of the master,

Of the mourned, the loved departed.

And the Sabbath bells came pealing,

In sweet echoes on the breezes,

As the willing feet went weekly

To the worship of Jehovah.

Nearer to the stirring places,

Near the thoroughfare of business,

In the active, growing city

I am chanting now in measures,

Was erected in this era,

In its earliest beginning,

Yet another famous building,

The Academy of Garrard.

Pile revered in ancient glory,

Pile renowned in modern story,

Ever honored Alma Mater

Of distinguished men and women.

Here the noble cause of learning

First received the great momentum

That has sent it rolling downward,

In the hands of willing helpers,

To the ages of the present.

Here on walls of polished plaster,

Were inscribed in myriad numbers,

Names of unforgotten heroes,

Names of genius and of talent,

Names beloved in social circles,

Names renowned on fields of battle,

Honored names in senate chamber.

And the sacred pile was cherished,

By each absent son and daughter.

Many years beyond this period,

(Well I ken the oft told story,)

On a sunny day in autumn,

When the leaves were “sere and yellow,”

When the woods were melancholy,

There were little children clustered

In this notable old school-room;

There were little children striving,

For the prize-book and the medal,

Children conning words in triumph,

Down the line of b-a-baker,

Children frowning o’er the problems

Of the higher rules and text-books,

When a shadow crossed the doorway,

And there followed it, a stranger.

Then the children quickly started,

At the bidding of the teacher,

And in attitude of homage,

Gravely gazed upon the stranger.

On his venerable person,

On his hair all white and silvered,

On his brow all seamed and furrowed,

On his countenance so noble,

Gazed with looks of silent wonder.

He surveyed the group with pleasure,

He beheld them with emotion;

And his heart was touched within him,

All his spirit stirred within him,

At their prompt, respectful greeting,

At their attitude of welcome.

Turning then to front the teacher,

He said, “Madam, I am weary,

I am travel-worn and dusty,

I have wandered long and restless,

I have come from distant regions,

To behold this treasured school-house,

See again its wall all penciled,

With the names I well remember,

With the deeds of my school-fellows;

To review once more the playground,

Where my boyhood’s days were merry;

Jackman’s Cave, the pond, the meadow,

And the spring at Captain Baker’s;

All these places I have trodden,

Where we played and where we skated,

Where we loved and where we quarreled,

Where we shouted joyous laughter,

Where we fought our little battles:

All these haunts of cloud and sunshine

Are so bright on mem’ry’s pages.”

Then he paused and looked about him,

But alas! the walls were covered,

Covered o’er with paper hangings,

Of the style so new and modern,

And the names were lost forever,

To the eyes of eager mortals,

To the gaze of wand’ring schoolmates.

Yet their impress e’er must linger,

Linger on till time shall sever

All the links this earth hath given,

All the tender links of feeling.

Alexander Bruce, the stranger,

Feasted well his eyes so faithful,

On the scenes long since familiar,

On the playground of his childhood.

He was one of many others,

Who have swelled the honored columns.

He returned with heart o’erflowing,

To the spot he fondly cherished,

And with pleasurable sadness

He now gazed upon the changes.

Change was wrought on all about him,

Change was wrought on all within him,

Yet the walls beloved were standing,

’Mid the wreck of worlds beyond them,

Bearing witness to her children,

Standing monuments of witness.

And John Bruce, the great mechanic,

Was the brother of the stranger;

Was another noted scion

Of this noble house of learning.

To his genius of invention

Is the river world indebted

For the cutting of the sawyers,

Of the treach’rous snags and sawyers,

That were wont to plunge the steamer,

Boldly ploughing through the waters,

Into labyrinths of danger.

Long the line of brave descendants,

Long the line of mental giants,

From this aged Alma Mater,

From this crumbling hall of science,

The Academy of Garrard.

CANTO IV. 1812-1820. SOLDIERS.

But the changing cycle moved on,

With the waxing, waning moonlight.

’Twas when European nations

Fell to quarreling and fighting

Over maritime dissensions,

That James Madison, the ruler

Of this glorious republic,

Felt the tread of foreign despots

On his loved and native country,

On the soil of peace and freedom,

And was driven to defend it.

For, these strange marauding parties

Ventured far from their dominion,

From their rightful sphere of labor,

From their proper place of warfare.

When a public proclamation

Called the people to the conflict,

Called the brave and hardy people

To unfurl the starry banner,

Mighty men of valor rose up,

At the cry, “To arms! To battle!”

For the seaports of the Union

Were blockaded by Great Britain,

By our alien mother country,

By the hostile British Islands.

Many battles, hot and bloody,

Many sieges and repulses,

Many victories and losses,

Stained the youthful nation’s annals.

First at Queenstown, an engagement,

Then at Frenchtown on the Raisin;

Fights at York and Sackett’s Harbor,

At Fort George and Chancey Island,

And at Williamsburg, Fort Erie,

Plattsburg, Bladensburg, Bridgewater,

And at Baltimore, the city

Lying eastward in the Union.

From eighteen twelve, to eighteen sixteen,

Troops were going forth to battle.

Then the final blow was given,

In the country stretching southward,

In the fair Louisiana,

In the land of sugar-planting,

Which the nation’s gold had purchased,

In the sum of fifteen millions,

From the French in eighteen hundred.

And the New Orleans ship harbor,

On the yellow Mississippi,

Rolling swift its turbid waters,

To the distant, mighty ocean,

Was blockaded by the English,

By Lord Packenham, the leader

Of the brave and valiant English.

Andrew Jackson led the columns

Of Columbia, the Union;

And the enemy were routed,

In the South, were whipped and routed,

Thus the troubles terminated,

And the mighty men of valor,

Who had answered to the roll-call,

Who had joined the military,

Laid aside the sword and musket,

Put away the cap and feather,

And returned to ways of quiet,

To the quiet of the hearthstone.

There were generals and captains,

In the army and the navy,

There were colonels, there were majors,

There were officers and soldiers;

Men who went from farm and fireside,

Men who went from shop and ploughshare.

All the States rose up in answer

To the martial proclamation.

There were Pike and Brown and Chandler,

Boyd, Macomb, and Scott and Winder,

Dudley, Harrison, and Hampton,

Miller, Wilkinson, and Bainbridge,

Hull and Perry, Jones, Decatur—

All these names adorn the record,

Mark the record of the contest.

And brave men from good old Garrard

Rallied to their country’s standard,

And with spirits firm and steady,

Cheerful smiles and hearts undaunted,

Ready for the fitful changes,

Fortune’s wheel was turning for them,

They put on their trusty armor,

And went forth to win or perish,

Went from Lancaster, Kentucky.

Captain Faulkner led to battle

Men and arms from Garrard county:

And the muster-roll is headed,

“Mounted Volunteer Militia,

Rendezvoused at Newport Barracks,

August, eighteen hundred thirteen.”

Men who number nine and sixty,

In the stained and dusty archives,

Men who travelled near one hundred

Five and twenty miles to Newport.

Stephen Richardson, Lieutenant,

Meets us first upon the roll-call,

Isaac Renfro, next as Ensign,

Samuel Smith, and William Dunkard,

A. McQuea, and William Poor,

Rank as Sergeants next in order,

Then J. Nicholson, D. Perkins,

B. F. Smith, and William Truelove,

Are the Corporals, four in number;

For the Privates, see appendix,

In the chorus of my ditty.

Their commander’s martial title,

Rose to General from Captain,

When the famous State militia

Held its reign in all the counties.

And ’twas thus with many others,

Of these veteran commanders.

William Woods enrolled a column

Of the warriors of Garrard;

“Mounted Volunteer Militia,

Seventh Regiment,”—its title.

First is Thomas Brown, Lieutenant,

Then is Arthur Progg, Lieutenant,

Then comes Edward Beck as Ensign;

J—n Smith and W. Talbot,

Are the first and second Sergeants;

Sergeants third and fourth then follow,

Samuel Scott, S. Long, in order.

Joseph Brady and James Lackey,

J—s Brunt and C—s Silvers,

Are the Corporals, four in number.

Forty Privates are recorded,

At the closing of my cantos.

Other soldiers went from Garrard,

Other citizens enlisted,

Of whose names no record lingers,

Save the register of mem’ry.

General William Jennings figured

In the battle on the Raisin;

And the soldier, Robert Elkin,

And our well-remembered Buford,

Are among the names familiar,

To the vet’rans of the city.

Michael Salter was Drum-major,

In the country’s earlier struggle;

Was our one surviving scion,

Of the famous Revolution.