THE WORKS OF WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

EDITED BY

WILLIAM GEORGE CLARK, M.A. FELLOW AND TUTOR OF TRINITY COLLEGE, AND PUBLIC ORATOR IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE;

AND WILLIAM ALDIS WRIGHT, M.A. LIBRARIAN OF TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE.

VOLUME IV

Cambridge and London: MACMILLAN AND CO. 1864.

[Pg iv]

CAMBRIDGE: PRINTED BY C. J. CLAY, M.A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.

[Pg v]

PREFACE.

I. Shakespeare's King John was printed for the first time in the Folio of 1623. The poet adopted most of the characters, the general plot, and occasional lines, or fragments of lines, from an earlier play, in two parts, published in 1591, with the following title-page:

The | Troublesome Raigne | of Iohn King of England, with the dis-|couerie of King Richard Cordelions | Base sonne (vulgarly named, The Ba-|stard Fawconbridge): also the | death of King Iohn at Swinstead | Abbey. | As it was (sundry times) publikely acted by the | Queenes Maiesties Players, in the ho-|nourable Citie of London. | Imprinted at London for Sampson Clarke, | and are to be solde at his shop, on the backe-|side of the Royall Exchange. | 1591. |

This play was reprinted for a different bookseller in 1611, with the words 'W. Sh.' added to the title; and a third edition in 1622, again issued by a different bookseller, has 'W. Shakespeare.'

There can be little doubt that the booksellers attributed the play to Shakespeare in the hope that so popular a name might help the sale, for although the earlier play is by no means devoid of merit, the evidence of its style conclusively proves that Shakespeare had no part in the authorship. We have therefore not reprinted it, but contented ourselves with indicating the passages borrowed [Pg viii]verbally from it.

2. Of Richard II. four editions in Quarto were published before the appearance of the first Folio:

Q1. The | Tragedie of King Ri-|chard the se-|cond. | As it hath beene publikely acted | by the right Honourable the | Lorde Chamberlaine his Ser'uants. | London | Printed by Valentine Simmes for Andrew Wise, and | are to be sold at his shop in Paules church yard at | the signe of the Angel. | 1597. |

Q2. The | Tragedie of King Ri-|chard the second. | As it hath beene publikely acted by the Right Ho-|nourable the Lord Chamberlaine his | seruants. | By William Shake-speare. | London | Printed by Valentine Simmes for Andrew Wise, and | are to be sold at his shop in Paules churchyard at | the signe of the Angel. | 1598. |

Q3. The | Tragedie of King | Richard the second. | As it hath been publikely acted by the Right | Honourable the Lord Chamberlaine | his seruantes. | By William Shake-speare. | London, | Printed by W. W. for Mathew Law, and are to be | sold at his shop in Paules Church-yard, at | the signe of the Foxe. | 1608. |

The same edition was also issued in the same year with the following title-page:

The | Tragedie of King | Richard the Second: | With new additions of the Parlia-|ment Sceane, and the deposing | of King Richard, | As it hath been lately acted by the Kinges | Maiesties seruantes, at the Globe. | By William Shake-speare. | At London, | Printed by W. W. for Mathew Law, and are to | be sold at his shop in Paules Church-yard, | at the signe of the Foxe. | 1608. |

Q4. The | Tragedie of King | Richard the Se-|cond: | With new additions of the Parliament Sceane, | and the deposing of King | Richard. | As it hath been lately acted by the Kinges | Maiesties seruants, at the Globe. | By William Shake-speare. | At London, | Printed for Mathew Law, and are to be sold | at his shop in Paules Church-yard, at the | signe of the Foxe. | 1615. |

Each of these Quartos was printed from its immediate predecessor. The third however contains an important addition, found in all the extant copies of Q3, amounting to 165 lines, viz. IV. 1. 154-318. This is what is meant[Pg ix] by 'the new additions of the Parliament scene' mentioned in the title-pages of some copies of Q3 and in that of Q4. These 'new additions' are found also in the first and following Folios and in Q5. The play, as given in the first Folio, was no doubt printed from a copy of Q4, corrected with some care and prepared for stage representation. Several passages have been left out with a view of shortening the performance. In the 'new additions of the Parliament Scene' it would appear that the defective text of the Quarto had been corrected from the author's MS. For this part therefore the first Folio is our highest authority: for all the rest of the play the first Quarto affords the best text.

The fifth Quarto (Q5) was printed from the second Folio (F2), but its readings sometimes agree with one or other of the earlier Quartos, and in a few cases are entirely independent of previous editions. Its title-page is as follows:

The | Life and | Death of King | Richard the | Second. | With new Additions of the | Parliament Scene, and the | Deposing of King Richard. | As it hath beene acted by the Kings Majesties | Servants, at the Globe. | By William Shakespeare. | London, Printed by Iohn Norton. | 1634. |

3. The First Part of King Henry the Fourth appeared in six successive Quarto editions before the publication of the first Folio. The title-pages of the first five of these editions are given in full below. The version in the first Folio seems to have been printed from a partially corrected copy of the fifth Quarto. In many places the readings coincide with those of the earlier Quartos, which were probably consulted by the corrector. The title of the play in the Folio is, 'The First Part of Henry the Fourth, with the Life and Death of Henry Sirnamed Hotspurre.' As there is no copy of the fourth Quarto in the Capell collection, our collation has been made from the[Pg x] copy in the Bodleian, and verified by that in the Devonshire Library. The deficiencies of Capell's copy of the third Quarto have been supplied by a collation of the Bodleian copy of that edition.

Q1. The | History of | Henrie the | Fovrth; | With the battell at Shrewsburie, | betweene the King and Lord | Henry Percy, surnamed | Henrie Hotspur of | the North. | With the humorous conceits of Sir | Iohn Falstalffe. | AT LONDON, | Printed by P. S. for Andrew Wise, dwelling | in Paules Churchyard, at the signe of | the Angell. 1598. |

Q2. The | History of | Henrie the | Fovrth; | With the battell at Shrewsburie, | betweene the King and Lord Henry | Percy, surnamed Henry Hot-|spur of the North. | With the humorous conceits of Sir | Iohn Falstalffe. | Newly corrected by W. Shakespeare. | AT LONDON, | Printed by S. S. for Andrew Wise, dwelling | in Paules Churchyard, at the signe of | the Angell. 1599. |

Q3. The | History of | Henrie the fourth, | With the battell at Shrewsburie, | betweene the King, and Lord | Henry Percy, surnamed Henry Hot-|spur of the North. | With the humorous conceits of Sir | Iohn Falstaffe. | Newly corrected by W. Shakespeare. | London | Printed by Valentine Simmes, for Mathew Law, and | are to be solde at his shop in Paules Churchyard, | at the signe of the Fox. | 1604. |

Q4. The | History of | Henry the fourth, | With the battell at Shrewseburie, | betweene the King, and Lord | Henry Percy, surnamed Henry | Hotspur of the North. | With the humorous conceites of Sir | Iohn Falstalffe. | Newly corrected by W. Shake-speare. | London, | Printed for Mathew Law, and are to be sold at | his shop in Paules Church-yard, neere vnto S. | Augustines gate, at the signe of | the Foxe. 1608. |

Q5. The | History of | Henrie the fourth, | With the Battell at Shrewseburie, betweene | the King, and Lord Henrie Percy, sur-| named Henrie Hotspur of the North. | With the humorous conceites of Sir | Iohn Falstaffe. | Newly corrected by W. Shakespeare. | London, | Printed by W. W. for Mathew Law, and are to be sold | at his shop in Paules Church-yard, neere vnto S. | Augustines Gate, at the signe of the Foxe. | 1613. |

[Pg xi]

Subsequent editions in Quarto were printed in 1622 (Q6) by T. P. for Mathew Law, in 1632 (Q7) by John Norton for William Sheares, and in 1639 (Q8) by John Norton for Hugh Perry. In all these the title-page is substantially the same. Each Quarto appears to have been printed from its predecessor.

The 'Dering MS.' quoted in our foot-notes was discovered in the muniment room at Surrenden by the Rev. Lambert B. Larking in 1844, and published in the following year for the Shakespeare Society under the editorship of Mr Halliwell. It contains a large portion of the First Part of Henry IV. and some scenes of the Second Part. Mr Halliwell believes it to have been written in the early part of the 17th century, certainly earlier than 1640, for the purpose of private theatrical performance. Some additions and corrections were made by the hand of 'Sir Edward Deryng, the first baronet, who died in 1644.' (Introduction, p. xii. ed. 1845.)

We are of opinion that this MS. was copied from the fifth Quarto of the First Part, and from a complete Quarto of the Second Part. The writer seems to have been both illiterate and careless. His punctuation is singularly bad, and his spelling peculiar to himself. We have noticed such various readings as seemed in any way remarkable.

4. The Second Part of King Henry the Fourth was first published in Quarto in 1600 with the following title-page:

The | Second part of Henrie | the fourth, continuing to his death, | and coronation of Henrie | the fift. | With the humours of sir Iohn Fal-| staffe, and swaggering | Pistoll. | As it hath been sundrie times publikely | acted by the right honourable, the Lord | Chamberlaine his seruants. | Written by William Shakespeare. | London | Printed by V. S. for Andrew Wise, and | William Aspley. | 1600. |

In some copies of the Quarto the first scene of Act [Pg xii]III. is left out altogether. The omission seems to have been discovered after part of the edition had been struck off and rectified by the insertion of two new leaves. In order to make this insertion, the type was taken to pieces in part of the preceding and subsequent leaves, so that there are two different impressions for the latter part of Act II. and the beginning of Act III. Sc. 2. Where this difference occurs we have used the symbols Q1, and Q2; where the two are identical we use only Q.

The version in the first Folio was probably printed from a transcript of the original MS. It contains passages of considerable length which are not found in the Quarto. Some of these are among the finest in the play, and are too closely connected with the context to allow of the supposition that they were later additions inserted by the author after the publication of the Quarto. In the MS. from which that edition was printed, these passages had been most likely omitted, or erased, in order to shorten the play for the stage. The Folio in other places affords occasional readings which seem preferable to those of the Quarto, but for the most part the Quarto is to be regarded as having the higher critical value.

5. King Henry the Fifth appears in its present form for the first time in the Folio of 1623. An imperfect edition in quarto was printed surreptitiously in 1600, with the following title:

(Q1). The | Cronicle | History of Henry the fift, | With his battell fought at Agin Court in | France. Togither with Auntient | Pistoll. | As it hath bene sundry times playd by the Right honorable | the Lord Chamberlaine his seruants. | London Printed by Thomas Creede, for Tho. Milling-|ton, and Iohn Busby. And are to be | sold at his house in Carter Lane, next | the Powle head. 1600. |

The text of this edition is given literatim at the end of the present volume, with the readings of two reprints[Pg xiii] which appeared in 1602 and 1608 respectively. The title-pages of these are as follows:

(Q2). The | Chronicle | History of Henry the fift, | With his battell fought at Agin Court | in France. Together with Auntient | Pistoll. | As it hath bene sundry times playd by the Right honorable | the Lord Chamberlaine his seruants. | London | Printed by Thomas Creede, for Thomas | Pauier, and are to be sold at his shop in Cornhill, | at the signe of the Cat and Parrets neare | the Exchange. 1602. |

Q3. The | Chronicle History | of Henry the fift, with his | battell fought at Agin Court in | France. Together with an-|cient Pistoll. | As it hath bene sundry times playd by the Right Honou-|rable the Lord Chamberlaine his | Seruants. | Printed for T. P. 1608. |

The text of these Quarto editions is so imperfect and varies so much from the more authentic text of the Folio, that it was impossible to give the variations in our foot-notes. We are inclined to agree with Mr Collier and others in the supposition that the Quarto text was 'hastily made up from notes taken at the theatre during the performance, subsequently patched together.' The references to these Quartos are inclosed in brackets in accordance with the rule mentioned in the Preface to Vol. I. p. xxi.

It is scarcely necessary to add that 'The famous Victories of Henry the Fift,' published in 1617, has nothing to do with Shakespeare's play.

We have the pleasure of adding several new names to the list of our benefactors. Miss Thackeray, of Windsor, has been so kind as to lend us a copy of Nares's Glossary which belonged to her late father, the Provost of King's College, Cambridge, and is copiously annotated in his hand.

Mr Henry Wilbraham has obtained for us the loan of some valuable MS. notes on Shakespeare, compiled by the late Mr Roger Wilbraham, F.R.S., formerly Fellow of[Pg xiv] Trinity College, and now in the possession of Mr George Fortescue Wilbraham of Delamere House, Cheshire.

Dr C. M. Ingleby and Mr G. R. French have sent us valuable communications, the former with reference to difficulties in the text, the latter with reference to points of history and genealogy.

We are also indebted for various acts of kindness and courtesy to the Marquis Camden, the Rev. T. S. Woollaston, the Rev. Lambert B. Larking, the Rev. Archibald Clerke of Kilmallie, Mr Stirling of Keir, Mr Pryme, Mr W. B. Donne, Mr P. S. Worsley, Professor Goldwin Smith, the Rev. H. O. Coxe, Librarian of the Bodleian, Mr C. Wright, and the late Mr George Daniell.

[Pg xv]

W. G. C. W. A. W.

ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA.

THE LIFE AND DEATH OF KING JOHN.

[Pg 2]

DRAMATIS PERSONÆ[A].

Scene: Partly in England, and partly in France[B].

[A] First given by Rowe. See note (I).

[B] Scene ...] See note (II).

[Pg 3]

THE LIFE AND DEATH

OF

KING JOHN.

ACT I.

Scene I. King John's palace.

Enter King John, Queen Elinor, Pembroke, Essex, Salisbury, and others, with Chatillon.[1]

[Exeunt Chatillon and Pembroke.

Enter a Sheriff.[11]

Enter Robert Faulconbridge, and Philip his bastard brother.[12]

[Exeunt all but Bastard.[42]

Enter Lady Faulconbridge and James Gurney.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] Scene I King John's palace] The court of England. Pope. Northampton ... palace. Capell.

Salisbury, and others] Capell and Salisbury. Ff.

Chatillon] Johnson. Chattilon Rowe. the Chattylion of France. Ff.

[2] borrowed] Ff. borrow'd Rowe.

[3] brother] F4. brother, F1 F2 F3.

[4] most] om. Pope.

[5] Anjou] Rowe. Anjowe Ff.

Touraine] Rowe (ed. 2). Torayne F1. Lorayne F2. Loraine F3 F4. Touaine Rowe (ed. 1).

[6] Controlment ... controlment] F4. Controlement ... controlement F1 F2 F3. See note (III).

[7] For ere] Or, ere Seymour conj.

report I ... there,] Capell. report, I ... there: Ff. (there; F3 F4).

[8] sullen] sudden Becket conj.

[9] Exeunt ...] Exit Chat. and Pem. Ff.

[10] manage] mannage Ff.

[11] Enter a Sheriff.] Enter the Sheriff of Northamptonshire and whispers Essex. Capell. See note (IV).

[12] expedition's] expeditious F1.]

Enter ...] Enter R. F. and Philip. Ff. Exit Sheriff; and Re-enters with R. F. and P., his bastard brother. Capell (after line 47).

[13] Scene II. Pope.

Bast.] Philip. Ff. (and to line 132; afterwards Bast.).

[14] Robert] om. F2 F3 F4.

[15] Cœur-de-lion] Cordelion Ff. (and passim).

[16] What] And what Capell.

[17] a'] a Ff. he Pope.

[18] whether] F4. where F1 F2 F3. See note (V).

as true] true Pope.

[19] yourself.] Rowe. your selfe F1 F2. your self F3 F4.

[20] him,] him: Ff.

[21] lent] sent Heath conj.

[22] trick] See note (VI).

[23] father. With ... land: ... year!] father? With ... land, ... year? F1 F2. father, With ... land, ... year? F3 F4.

[24] half that face] that half-face Theobald. half the face Anon. conj.

[25] lengths] length Capell conj.

[26] death] oath Anon. conj.

[27] And if] An if Hanmer.

[28] hazards] hazard Pope.

[29] Whether] Say Pope.

[30] thy] the Warburton.

[31] an if] Hanmer. and if Ff.

[32] Robert's] Robert Theobald. Robert's, Hanmer.

[33] And if] An if S. Walker conj.

[34] to his] with his Hanmer.

his ... this] this ... his Mason conj.

[35] I would] I'd Pope.

[36] I] F2 F3 F4. It F1. See note (VII).

sir Nob] Capell. sir nobbe F1 F2 F3. Sir Nobbe F4. sir Rob Lloyd conj.

[37] From ... bear'st] Pope. From ... bearest As two lines, the first ending name, in Ff.

[38] rise] Ff. rise up Pope. arise Steevens. to rise Keightley conj.

[39] grandam, Richard:] grandame Richard, F1 F2 F3. grandam, Richard, F4. grandam; Richard, Pope.

[40] what though?] what tho'? Theobald. what tho; Ff.

[41] wast] as Pope.

Exeunt ... Bastard.] Ff. Exeunt. Capell.

[42] Scene III. Pope. Scene II. The same. Anti-room of the same. Enter Bastard. Capell.

[43] many a many] many, many a Hanmer. many, ah, many a Collier (Collier MS.).

[44] too ... too] two ... too F1.

too sociable] unsociable Pope.

[45] your conversion.] Capell. your conversion, Ff. your conversing. Pope. conversation. Lloyd conj.

[46] picked] piked Pope. picqued Theobald.

man of] man, of Steevens conj.

countries] courtesies Jackson conj.

[47] I ... now] Misplaced in Singer (ed. 2).

[48] Absey book] ABC-book Pope.

[49] Saving] Serving Theobald (Warburton conj.).

[50] Pyrenean] Perennean F1. Pyrennean F2 F3 F4. Pyreneans Collier (ed. 2, Collier MS.).

[51] toward] F1 F2. towards F3 F4.

[52] the mounting] a mounting Collier MS.

spirit] spirits Delius.

[53] smack ... smack] Theobald. smoake ... smacke F1 F2. smoak ... smack F3 F4. smack ... smoak Pope.

[54] And ... no] Put in brackets, as spurious, by Warburton.

[55] Which] This Johnson conj.

[56] Enter ...] Capell. Ff. after line 221.

it is] Pope. 'tis Ff.

How now] now Pope.

[57] Scene IV. Pope.

[58] scorn'st] scornest F4.

[59] Gurney] F4. Gournie F1. Gourney F2 F3.

[60] Philip! sparrow:] Capell. Philip, sparrow, Ff. Philip,—spare me, Theobald (Warburton). Philip—spare oh! Grey conj.

[61] Exit Gurney] Exit James. Ff.

[62] to confess] confess Pope. to confess the truth Keightley conj.

[63] Could he get me?] Pope. Could get me Ff. Could not get me; Dyce (Collier MS.).

[64] beholding] beholden Pope.

[65] holp] help'd Pope.

[66] conspired] conspir'd Rowe.

[67] Knight, knight, good mother, Basilisco-like.] F3 F4. Knight, knight good mother, Basilisco-like: F1 F2. Omitted by Rowe (ed. 2). Knight—Knight, good mother, Basilisco like Pope. Knight, knight, good mother—Basilisco like. Theobald. Knight, knight,—good mother, Basilisco like. Id. conj. Knight—knight—good mother—Basilisco;—'slight! Id. conj. (withdrawn).

[68] What!] Theobald. What, Ff. Why Pope. Why, Hanmer.

[69] my charge!] my charge, Ff. thy charge, Long MS.

[70] Thou] F4. That F1 F2 F3.

[71] your folly] you folly F2.

[72] hand] hands F4.

[73] Ay] aye Ff.

[74] thee] the F4.

ACT II.

Scene I. France. Before Angiers.

Enter Austria and forces, drums, etc. on one side: on the other King Philip of France and his Power; Lewis, Arthur, Constance and attendants.[75]

Enter Chatillon.

[Pg 16]

Enter King John, Elinor, Blanch, the Bastard, Lords, and Forces.[88]

Trumpet sounds. Enter certain Citizens upon the walls.[128]

Here after excursions, enter the Herald of France, with trumpets, to the gates.[156]

Enter English Herald, with trumpet.[164]

Re-enter the two Kings, with their powers, severally.[169]

[Whispers with Blanch.

[Pg 31]

[Exeunt all but the Bastard.[234]

FOOTNOTES:

[75] Act II. Scene I. Rowe (ed. 2). Scæna Secunda. Ff.

France ...] Capell. Enter before Angiers, Philip King of France, Lewis, Daulphin, Austria, Constance, Arthur Ff.

[76] Lew.] King Philip. Theobald conj.

[77] their] his Collier MS.